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INTRODUCTION: Indiana contains extensive clay and shale units which are used in manufacturing various products ranging from bricks and ceramic garden ware to ceramic insulators. This ceramic industry has existed since the early part of the 19th century. Although the population of Indiana has increased, the quantity of some ceramic products used in the state has remained nearly constant or has decreased since the beginning of the 20th century. Wood, plastic, and concrete have replaced structural clay products in some segments of the construction industry. Plastics have noticeably cut into the markets for clay draintile, stoneware, and pottery. But many new products, such as pre-formed brick panels, have offset the reduction in demand for more traditional clay products. Because many of the new products require raw materials that meet more exacting standards than existed only a few years ago, known deposits of clay and shale are being reexamined and new sources are constantly being sought. This report discusses the clay and shale resources of Indiana-their location, quality, mineralogy, and usefulness-and the history and future of the ceramic industry of the state. For more detailed information the reader is urged to consul the selected bibliography at the end of this report. Of special interest is "Clay and Shales of Indiana" (Harrison and Murray, 1964), which summarizes the geologic, chemical, and ceramic data for all the clay-rich units-the data on which much of the material in this report is based.



Austin, G. S. 1975, Clay and shale resources of Indiana: Indiana Geological Survey Bulletin 42L, 40 p., 13 fig., 2 pl.


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Keywords: clay, shale, industrial minerals, brick, ceramic

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